Abstract
A capacitive sensor was developed to analyze the presence and enzymatic activity of a model protease from standard solutions by following the degradation of the substrate in real time. The enzyme was chosen based on its specific digestion of the hinge region of immunoglobulin G (IgG). Real-time enzyme activity was monitored by measuring the change in capacitance (∆C) based on the release of IgG fragments after enzymatic digestion by the enzyme. The results indicated that the developed capacitive system might be used successfully for label-free and real-time monitoring of enzymatic activity of different enzymes in a sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive manner in biotechnological, environmental, and clinical applications.
Highlights
Enzyme activity assays are generally based on measuring either the consumption of the substrate or the formation of the product over time [1]
immunoglobulin G (IgG)-immobilized capacitive electrode represented the simplest way to be used for assaying the enzyme activity
Since the FabRICATOR® digests the hinge region of IgG, producing a F(ab)2 fragment and two fragments of Fc, it resulted in the digestion of the IgG molecules immobilized on the surface
Summary
Enzyme activity assays are generally based on measuring either the consumption of the substrate or the formation of the product over time [1]. There are kinetic enzyme assays including spectrophotometric, fluorometric, calorimetric, chemiluminescent, and light scattering assays which are more convenient and easier than the end-point enzyme assays [3, 4]. These methods are generally based on the use of substrates labeled with chromatophores, fluorophores, or radioactive markers [5].
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