Abstract
<p>This work aims to contribute to the study of university-business linkages, focusing on the processes of generation and transfer of knowledge. The objective is to show the role of the scientific and inventive capabilities generated in the universities, in order to understand how an effective linkage between them and the companies can be fostered to create and develop innovative products through the transfer of technology.We analyze the experience of the Institute of Biomedical Research of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (IBR-UNAM). This institute is a university research center (URC) that in the Mexican context stands out for its relevant generation of scientific and inventive capabilities. It is shown that for the knowledge created in the universities to be transferred to generate new products and/or marketable processes, the efforts of educational and research institutions and the interface units are crucial, as well as the existence of entrepreneurial companies that include innovation as a central factor in their business strategy, capable of identifying and using capabilities generated within universities and public research centers.</p>
Highlights
In Mexico the development of scientific and technological capabilities in the area of health has been carried out slowly, despite that it has had a great tradition especially in the twentieth century, with the beginning of medical specialties (Mas, 2012).Mexico’s investment in health research is only 2.3 percent of the total spent on science and technology, accounting for 0.01 percent of GDP and 0.45 percent of total health spending, which contrasts sharply with the spending in industrialized countries, which is generally above 1.5 percent of public spending on health (SSa, 2007)
Little is known about the processes by which scientific and technological knowledge is transferred from universities and public research centers to the productive and social sectors (González-Pernia et al, 2013; Chang et al, 2016; Ramos & Fernández-Esquinas, 2012; Calcagnini & Favaretto, 2015)
The process of transferring knowledge from universities to public and private users can be assimilated to a value chain, from the research carried out in university research center (URC) to their transformation into new or improved products or services which companies will bring to market (Testar, 2012)
Summary
In Mexico the development of scientific and technological capabilities in the area of health has been carried out slowly, despite that it has had a great tradition especially in the twentieth century, with the beginning of medical specialties (Mas, 2012).Mexico’s investment in health research is only 2.3 percent of the total spent on science and technology, accounting for 0.01 percent of GDP and 0.45 percent of total health spending, which contrasts sharply with the spending in industrialized countries, which is generally above 1.5 percent of public spending on health (SSa, 2007). Mexico’s low spending on research and its slow development among other factors has prevented a major gap between the health needs of the population and the reality of research and technological development. In this context, universities and public URC are called to play a crucial role as producers of human resources and knowledge-generating activities through their teaching and research functions. Universities and public URC are called to play a crucial role as producers of human resources and knowledge-generating activities through their teaching and research functions They are called upon to contribute significantly to economic expansion and social development (Arocena & Sutz, 2005, Maietta, 2015). Capability building is a key element for the transfer process to take place
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