Abstract
This paper presents a scoping review of recent literature regarding the phylogenetics of Cannabis, descending the taxonomic ranks of family, genus, species, subspecies, and varieties. The family Cannabaceae now consists of ten genera. Cannabis is a monotypic genus consisting of one species, Cannabis sativa L. The monotypic model is supported by DNA “barcode” studies. Two subspecies are recognized, and the number of varieties has increased to six. When and where Cannabis evolved has been explored, using molecular clock analyses and fossil pollen studies, respectively. The ubiquitous vernacular taxonomy of drug-type plants— “Sativa” and “Indica”—is deconstructed, and placed in a formal botanical framework. Italy has been a crossroads of Cannabis fiber-type plant genotypes, between Europe and Asia.
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