Cannabidiol and Aloe vera Extract to Human Cells: Bioactive Molecules as a Promising Anti-Lung Cancer Drug

Abstract

According to World Health Organisation data, cancer is one of the most influential diseases that goes head to head with heart diseases in the ranking of causes of death, causing approximately 10 million deaths annually and accounting for 20% of all deaths. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally for both men and women. In some pre-clinical studies in cancer cell line in vitro experiments, some results have been obtained that Aloe Vera Extract (AVE) obtained from Aloe vera plant and Cannabindiol (CBD) obtained from Cannabis sativa may have anticancer effect against cancer, but more analysis is required for the reliability of these results. In this study, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of AVE and CBD in human lung cancer (A549 and BEAS) cells were studied in a multifaceted manner. Diagnosis of lung cancer disease is approximately 15% in the early stage and 85% in the late stage or metastatic stage. Therefore, despite the use of targeted drugs today, the 5-year survival rate of patients can only be 5-10%. In this study, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of AVE and CBD on human lung cancer cells A549 and healthy normal BEAS-2B cells were studied in a versatile and comparative manner. Cytotoxic effect of AVE and CBD was evaluated by xCELLigence RTCA System and AnnexinV-FITC/PI Apoptosis Assay by Flow Cytometry. In the current investigation, we discovered that AVE and CBD might incite a relative higher ratio of cell death in lung cancer cells (A549) than in non-cancer human epithelial lung cell line BEAS-2B, which may be achieved through regulating mitochondrial metabolism. In summary, our research is under Patent submission and shows that CBD and AVE have the potential to develop into a potent new anti-lung cancer drug.