Abstract
Pet food accounts for more than 60% of the total sales in the pet market, with emphasis on products with the addition of functional ingredients and health claims. The objective of the present study was to manufacture vegan canine biscuits, as snacks, containing the following functional ingredients: inulin, blackberry flour (BBF), and hydrolyzed soy protein (HSP). Four formulations were made, as follows: CB1, a control formulation, without the addition of inulin, BBF, and HSP. For the other formulations, the amount of BBF and HSP was set at 50 and 35 g/kg, respectively, and the inulin contents were 30, 60, and 90 g/kg, for the formulations CB2, CB3, and CB4, respectively. All biscuits were evaluated for their technological properties. The increase in inulin significantly reduced the hardness of the biscuits from 30 N (CB1) to 20 N (CB3 and CB4). The biscuits with blackberry exhibited a pink color, which shows that this natural ingredient can be used as a food coloring ingredient, thus avoiding the use of synthetic additives. CB3 and CB4 had the same acceptance as CB1, indicating no sensory rejection of the ingredients by the dogs. The BBF increased (p-value<0.05) the total phenolics content and the antioxidant capacity, and inulin increased (p-value<0.05) the prebiotic activity in relation to the control. The study demonstrated that color-conferring ingredients with bioactive compounds can be used in canine biscuits formulations, with no changes in the sensory acceptance, which can be an effective alternative to include the functional ingredients while maintaining the health appeal and clean label of the products.
Highlights
The estimated number of pets in the world is 1.6 billion, and approximately 360 million correspond to the population of dogs
The wheat flour used in this study was characterized as strong flour (Table 2), which allowed its substitution by inulin, blackberry flour, and hydrolyzed soy protein, without damaging the processing and technological characteristics of the biscuits, which showed the absence of cracks in all samples
The addition of functional ingredients in vegan canine biscuits led to some changes in its technological properties, which did not affect the quality of the final product
Summary
The estimated number of pets in the world is 1.6 billion, and approximately 360 million correspond to the population of dogs. Brazil maintains the 4th position in the world ranking, with 132 million pets, and 52 million dogs. In the pet product market, more than 60% of sales correspond to the feeding of dogs, cats, fish, birds, and reptiles, with a turnover above US$ 50 million by 2016 (ABINPET, 2016). In the United States, 64% of pet owners are interested in premium or natural snacks. In this scenario, in the last five years, pet treats ranked first when compared to feline and canine meals, with growth of 11% when compared to meals that presented 8% growth (Mintel, 2018)
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