Abstract
Amitraz is a formamidine compound used in veterinary medicine as a topical dip to control ticks and mites on dogs and livestock. A 10-year-old female Scottish terrier was presented following the accidental oral administration of a dip containing amitraz. This case report describes the clinical signs, treatment and pathology of this dog. Clinical signs of toxicity from amitraz result from stimulation of alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Amitraz is seldom fatal because the effects can be reversed by alpha2-adrenergic antagonists. The dog recovered from the amitraz toxicity but died 5 days later from acute renal failure.
Highlights
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)iminomethyl-Nmethylmethanimidamide) is a topical acaricide used in veterinary medicine for dogs and livestock[7,8,9]
Amitraz toxicity has been described in the dog[6,9,12]
Dogs usually present with central nervous signs relating to depression and coma, respiratory depression, bradycardia, hypertension, mydriasis, gastrointestinal stasis, diarrhoea, vomiting, hypothermia, polyuria and hyperglycaemia[6,13]
Summary
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)iminomethyl-Nmethylmethanimidamide) is a topical acaricide used in veterinary medicine for dogs and livestock[7,8,9]. Within an hour the patient was comatose, menace and pupillary light reflexes were absent and the patient showed no response to stimuli except deep pain. At this stage the temperature had dropped to 35.1 °C and the mucous membranes had become mildly cyanotic. The fluid rate was dropped to 30 m /h, a second bolus (10 m /kg) of hydroxyethyl starch was administered and furosemide (Furosemide, Fresenius Kabi) at 2 mg/kg s/c was given twice, 2 hours apart. The pulmonary oedema resolved, furosemide was discontinued and the fluid rate slowly increased over 13 hours to 80 m /h (twice maintenance requirements). The higher fluid rates were necessary to maintain adequate blood pressure to preserve
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