Abstract
Lipomas are common benign tumours of fat cells. In most cases, surgical excision is curative and simple to perform; however, such a procedure requires general anaesthesia and may be associated with delayed wound healing, seroma formation and nerve injury in deep and intramuscular tumours. The objective of this study was to evaluate treatment of subcutaneous, subfascial or intermuscular lipomas using intralesional steroid injections in dogs. Fifteen dogs presenting with lipomas were selected for treatment with ultrasound-guided intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide at a dose of 40 mg/mL. Nine subcutaneous and subfascial tumours showed a complete regression. The other lipomas decreased in diameter, achieving, in some cases, remission of discomfort and regression of lameness. Steroid injection was a relatively safe and effective treatment for lipomas in dogs; only six dogs experienced polyuria/polydipsia for about 2 weeks post-treatment.
Highlights
Lipomas occur approximately in about 16% of dogs [1]
Lipomas usually occur as solitary masses, but multiple lipomas can occur in dogs. These tumours are frequently localised in the subcutaneous tissues but may extend intramuscularly or along deep fascial planes; a non-infiltrative lipoma has been described that can occur intermuscularly in the caudal thigh region [3] or in the thoracic limb, almost in the axilla [4]
The occurrence of a thymolipoma has been reported in one dog [9] and of thymofibrolipomas in two dogs [10]
Summary
Lipomas occur approximately in about 16% of dogs [1] They are benign tumors of fat cells, most common in adult female or elderly obese dogs [2]. Lipomas usually occur as solitary masses, but multiple lipomas can occur in dogs These tumours are frequently localised in the subcutaneous tissues but may extend intramuscularly or along deep fascial planes; a non-infiltrative lipoma has been described that can occur intermuscularly in the caudal thigh region [3] or in the thoracic limb, almost in the axilla [4]. Deep lipomas often have a paratesticular location [5] They have occasionally been described within the thorax and the abdomen, causing clinical signs associated with organ compression [6,7,8]. Diagnosis of lipoma is provided only by cytology or biopsy with histological evaluation [1]
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