Candlestick Pattern Classification Using Feedforward Neural Network

Abstract

Investment in the capital market can help boost a country’s economic growth. Without a doubt, in investing, a technical analysis of the condition of the stock is needed at that time. One of the technical analyses that can be done is to look at the historical data of stocks. Candlestick charts can summarize historical data that contain price value for Open, High, Low, and Close (OHLC) in the form of a chart. A group of candlesticks will form a pattern that can help investors to see whether the stock is trending up or down. The number of candlestick patterns and the manual determination of candlestick patterns may take time and effort. Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) is one of the algorithms that can help map the input and output of a given dataset. This study aims to implement FNN to classify candlestick patterns found in historical stock data. The test results show that the accuracy for each model scenario does not guarantee whether all patterns can be properly recognized. This is mainly caused by an imbalanced dataset and the classification process cannot be done properly. Testing with the original data has an accuracy of above 85% on each stock, but the average F1-score is below 45%. Further experiments using random under-sampling and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) result in decreased accuracy value, where the lowest is 59% in PT Bukit Asam Tbk share, and an increased average F1-score, but less than 15%. Keywords: Candlestick patterns, feedforward neural network, investment, historical data, OHLC, SMOTE, stocks.