Candidatus phytoplasma malaysianum (16SrXXXII) associated with Elaeocarpus sylvestris decline in South Korea

Abstract

Phytoplasma has been newly detected in Elaeocarpus sylvestris, a tree species that grows on the island of Jeju, South Korea. Various symptoms of infection of E. sylvestris have appeared since 2013, including loss of leaf coloration, such as yellowing, darkening and branch dieback. We analyzed leaves and seeds of E. sylvestris sequences infected by phytoplasma, and found partial 16S rRNA sequences to be 99.5%, and secA genes 98.2% correlated with Malaysian periwinkle virescence group strain ELY-BN1, MaPV, MOP, MYD, and TtWB. Analyzing these sequences and through the virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism (virtual-RFLP), we report here the first occurrence of Elaeocarpus decline associated with a phytoplasma strain belonging to 16SXXXII groups, as well as the first detection of phytoplasma in the seeds of E. sylvestris in South Korea.