Candidate SNP markers of aggressiveness-related complications and comorbidities of genetic diseases are predicted by a significant change in the affinity of TATA-binding protein for human gene promoters.

Irina V Chadaeva,Mikhail P Ponomarenko,Ekaterina B Sharypova,Ludmila K Savinkova,Nikolay A Kolchanov,Elena V Kashina,Marina Yu Matveeva,Dmitry A Rasskazov,Petr M Ponomarenko,Natalia P Bondar,Olga V Arkova,Tatjana V Arshinova

doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3353-3

Abstract

BackgroundAggressiveness in humans is a hereditary behavioral trait that mobilizes all systems of the body—first of all, the nervous and endocrine systems, and then the respiratory, vascular, muscular, and others—e.g., for the defense of oneself, children, family, shelter, territory, and other possessions as well as personal interests. The level of aggressiveness of a person determines many other characteristics of quality of life and lifespan, acting as a stress factor. Aggressive behavior depends on many parameters such as age, gender, diseases and treatment, diet, and environmental conditions. Among them, genetic factors are believed to be the main parameters that are well-studied at the factual level, but in actuality, genome-wide studies of aggressive behavior appeared relatively recently. One of the biggest projects of the modern science—1000 Genomes—involves identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), i.e., differences of individual genomes from the reference genome. SNPs can be associated with hereditary diseases, their complications, comorbidities, and responses to stress or a drug. Clinical comparisons between cohorts of patients and healthy volunteers (as a control) allow for identifying SNPs whose allele frequencies significantly separate them from one another as markers of the above conditions. Computer-based preliminary analysis of millions of SNPs detected by the 1000 Genomes project can accelerate clinical search for SNP markers due to preliminary whole-genome search for the most meaningful candidate SNP markers and discarding of neutral and poorly substantiated SNPs.ResultsHere, we combine two computer-based search methods for SNPs (that alter gene expression) {i} Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator (DNA sequence analysis) and {ii} PubMed-based manual search for articles on aggressiveness using heuristic keywords. Near the known binding sites for TATA-binding protein (TBP) in human gene promoters, we found aggressiveness-related candidate SNP markers, including rs1143627 (associated with higher aggressiveness in patients undergoing cytokine immunotherapy), rs544850971 (higher aggressiveness in old women taking lipid-lowering medication), and rs10895068 (childhood aggressiveness-related obesity in adolescence with cardiovascular complications in adulthood).ConclusionsAfter validation of these candidate markers by clinical protocols, these SNPs may become useful for physicians (may help to improve treatment of patients) and for the general population (a lifestyle choice preventing aggressiveness-related complications).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3353-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

Aggressiveness in humans is a hereditary behavioral trait that mobilizes all systems of the body—first of all, the nervous and endocrine systems, and the respiratory, vascular, muscular, and others—e.g., for the defense of oneself, children, family, shelter, territory, and other possessions as well as personal interests
Near the known binding sites for TATA-binding protein (TBP) in human gene promoters, we found aggressiveness-related candidate Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, including rs1143627, rs544850971, and rs10895068
After validation of these candidate markers by clinical protocols, these SNPs may become useful for physicians and for the general population

Summary

Introduction

Aggressiveness in humans is a hereditary behavioral trait that mobilizes all systems of the body—first of all, the nervous and endocrine systems, and the respiratory, vascular, muscular, and others—e.g., for the defense of oneself, children, family, shelter, territory, and other possessions as well as personal interests. Computerbased preliminary analysis of millions of SNPs detected by the 1000 Genomes project can accelerate clinical search for SNP markers due to preliminary whole-genome search for the most meaningful candidate SNP markers and discarding of neutral and poorly substantiated SNPs. Ethologists define aggressive behavior as a hereditary behavioral pattern performing functions that are important for preservation of the species, namely, defense of the territory, progeny, and shelter and establishment of social-hierarchical relationships within society [1]. The complexity of the problem stems from multifactorial neuroendocrine physiological regulatory mechanisms that are based on genetic systems such as epigenetic regulation of aggressive behavior. For this reason, genome-wide studies of this vitally important form of human behavior are only at the rudimentary stage (e.g., [10])

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