Candida species distribution, genotyping and virulence factors of Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity of kidney transplant recipients of two geographic regions of Brazil

Walicyranison Plinio Da Silva-Rocha,Terezinha Inês Estivalet Svidizisnki,Eveline Pipolo Milan,Vitor Luiz De Brito Lemos,Guilherme Maranhão Chaves

doi:10.1186/1472-6831-14-20

Walicyranison Plinio Da Silva-Rocha, Terezinha Inês Estivalet Svidizisnki + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6831-14-20

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Abstract

BackgroundCandida albicans is a diploid yeast that in some circumstances may cause oral or oropharyngeal infections. This investigation aimed to study the prevalence of Candida spp. and to analyze the ABC genotypes of 76 clinical isolates of C. albicans obtained from the oral cavity of kidney transplant patients from two distinct geographic regions of Brazil.MethodsWe typed 48 strains with ABC genotyping and Microsatelitte using primer M13 and tested three virulence factors in vitro: phospholipase activity, morphogenesis and the ability to evade from polymorphonuclear neutrophils phagocytosis.ResultsC. albicans was the most prevalent species (86.4%), followed by C. tropicalis (4.5%). C. albicans genotype A was the most prevalent (58 isolates; 76.4%), followed by genotype C (15 isolates; 19.7%) and genotype B (3 isolates; 3.9%). When Microsatellite technique with primer M13 was applied, 80% of the isolates from the South were placed within the same cluster. The majority of Genotype C strains were grouped together within two different clusters. Genotype C was considered more resistant to PMNs attack than genotypes A and B. Strains isolated from the South of Brazil showed also better ability to combat PMNs phagocytosis.ConclusionsWe found a high rate of C. albicans genotype C strains isolated from the oral cavity of this group of patients. This study characterized oral C. albicans strains isolated from kidney transplant recipients and will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of oral candidiasis.

Highlights

Candida albicans is a diploid yeast that in some circumstances may cause oral or oropharyngeal infections
Despite the fact that other less virulent Candida species such as C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei and C. dubliniensis have been isolated from the saliva of patients with or without oral candidiasis, C. albicans is still the most frequent species associated with oral lesions [5]
Microbiology profiling of Candida spp. in oral candidiasis From the strains obtained from Natal, RN (Northeast), it was possible to isolate yeasts from 70 out of 111 patients (63.1%), while from Maringa, 12 out of 43 (27.5%) Candida spp positive cultures were obtained

Summary

Introduction

Candida albicans is a diploid yeast that in some circumstances may cause oral or oropharyngeal infections. This investigation aimed to study the prevalence of Candida spp. and to analyze the ABC genotypes of 76 clinical isolates of C. albicans obtained from the oral cavity of kidney transplant patients from two distinct geographic regions of Brazil. Despite the fact that Candida spp. belong to the normal oral microbiota, living on the tongue, gums, palate and saliva of healthy individuals as commensal yeasts, they can cause oral or oropharyngeal infections [1,2]. A study with 11 diabetic patients with periodontitis revealed that 51.6% subgingival C. albicans isolates belonged to genotype B [8], while other investigation has found genotype A as predominant [9]

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