Cancer Treatment: Past, Present And Future

Abstract

In the world, cancer is the second-leading cause of death. Most of the time, it is caused by uncontrolled cell growth and no cell death. This results in an "abnormal cell mass," or tumor. Cancer treatment is improving day by day. The growth of new blood vessels helps the growth of tumors, and over time, this primary tumor can spread to other parts of the body and become a metastasis. Cancer is caused by genetic mutations and damage to cells' genetic material, which are the main reasons. Cancers that are not spread to other body parts are usually treated with surgery and radiotherapy. Still, cancer spreads are typically treated with anti-cancer drugs, like chemotherapy (and hormone and biological therapies). Chemotherapy stops cancerous cells from increasing, but it can also harm healthy cells in the hair follicles, bone marrow, and intestines. This causes many of chemotherapy's well-known side effects, like hair loss.