Cancer Mortality Among Women in the European Union: A Comprehensive Analysis of Economic, Social, and Health Factors

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of factors associated with cancer mortality among women in twenty-seven European Union (EU) countries from 2013 to 2021. Using Pooled Ordinary Least Squares and Quantile Regression models, we examine the impact of socioeconomic, health, and lifestyle factors on gender disparities in cancer mortality. Key findings reveal that higher average years of schooling among women is associated with an increase in cancer mortality, while higher Gross National Income per capita is linked to reduced mortality rates. Lifestyle variables, such as regular physical activity and dietary habits, are associated with lower cancer mortality, whereas unmet healthcare needs and certain socio-political factors correlate with increased mortality. The results underscore the importance of addressing healthcare access and gender equity to inform policy interventions aligned with UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed at reducing cancer mortality among women in the EU.