Cancer incidence and mortality are associated with human development index and health setups in Africa

Abstract

BackgroundThis study aimed to analyse the correlation between cancer incidence and mortality and the Human Development Index (HDI) in Africa. Furthermore, to analyse the variations in cancer Mortality to Incidence Ratio (MIR) based on health care systems in African countries. Material and MethodsCancer incidence and mortality data for 53 countries were obtained from GLOBOCAN database. Country-wise data on National-HDI were obtained from Human Development Report 2015. Health System Attainment (HSA) data were acquired from World Health Report 2000. The parametric data were analysed by Pearson-correlation and Linear-regression analysis for the effect of HDI and HSA on MIR in African Countries. One-way ANOVA was used to test the differences of MIR in each HDI group. All analyses were performed in SPSS version 20. ResultsAn inverse correlation was revealed by cancer MIR with both HDI (r=−0.897, p<0.001) and HSA (r=−0.750, p<0.001). A significantly low MIR was reported from high HDI countries compared to medium and low HDI countries by one-way ANOVA analysis (p<0.001). Linear regression analysis also reported a negative effect of MIR with both HDI (adjusted R2=0 0.801, β=−0.897, p<0.001) and HSA (adjusted R2=0.554, β=−0.750, p<0.001). ConclusionsBased on their HDIs, different African countries has different health system attainments, which is the cause of variations in MIR in these countries. To control their cancer burden, these low and medium HDI countries should focus on improvement of their economic status and policies making, regarding the provision of better health systems to the masses.