CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY IN UKRAINE: ANALYSIS FOR THE PAST DECADE

Abstract

Aim. The paper aims at analyzing the state of cancer epidemiology in Ukraine for the past decade specifying the age, gender, territorial and nosological peculiarities.
 Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the data analysis of the National cancer register of Ukraine for the 10-year period: starting from 2010 till 2019 years. The research was directed at studying and analyzing morbidity and mortality levels caused by malignant neoplasms, as well as age, gender, territorial and nosological peculiarities and the prevalence of nosological forms. Applied statistical methods include the analysis of the average and relative values, the calculation of indices of time series: growth rate and absolute growth, structural-and-logical analysis and systemic approach.
 Results and Discussion. The study has found that during the analyzed period of 2010-2019 years, the morbidity from malignant neoplasm in Ukraine increased, while the mortality level caused by oncologic pathology decreased. The morbidity and mortality among male population was higher in comparison with the female individuals. Over 50% of patients with firstly diagnosed "Malignant neoplasm" were identified in the early stages, but the share of detected patients with neglected form of oncologic pathology was increasing every year. One-year survival among the general population of patients with malignant neoplasms accounted 66,4-72,9%. The highest rates of morbidity have been fixed among male and female population, aged 70-79 years, while the highest death rate - among older individuals, 75-84 years of age. It has been defined that the age of 30-64 years wass characterized by high levels of morbidity and mortality rates in every sequential five-year group in comparison with the previous one. The hematological oncologic diseases were dominant in the structure of morbidity and mortality in young children and teenagers under 17 years. For the age category of 30-74 years, in female population the most common was breast cancer, in males - the cancer of the trachea, bronchi, lungs. For the analyzed period, Kirovograd Region occupies a leading position by morbidity level, while the Zaporizhzhia, Kirovograd and Dnipro Regions - are leaders in the mortality rate from malignant neoplasms.
 Conclusions. The analytical study of the oncologic and epidemiologic situation is an integral part in the development of an optimized system of oncologic care for Ukrainian population as it allowed to determine the age-gender and territorial groups, which require priory administrative attention concerning diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in oncology.