Abstract
RADIORESISTANCE AND BEYOND: Metastatic renal cancer has a poor prognosis because of the limited impact of usual treatment modalities, and notably radiotherapy. Renal cell carcinoma is traditionally considered to be radioresistant, and conventional radiotherapy fraction sizes of 1.8 to 2 Gy are thought to have little role in its management. Technological advances in radiation oncology have led to stereotactic approaches that overcome radio resistance mechanisms of renal cancer cells and could be successful. The technical ability of applying high dose per fraction, leads to a distinct biological response which is different from the one observed with conventional irradiation through high responses rates. The increased radiobiological effect is attributed to endothelial apoptosis triggered by high fractional dose. The combination of such radiotherapy regimens with targeted drugs paves the way for new therapeutic opportunities.
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