Abstract
Various kinds of organisms, including viruses, bacteria, trematodes and fungi are known carcinogens that cause cancer. Infectious identification related to cancer may lead to better treatment for both the prevention and targeting of cancer therapy. Although nearly 20% of all cancers are caused by an infection of a microbe, the amount of evidence and information regarding the mechanisms associated with oncogenesis varies dramatically from one organism to the next. This review cannot be exhaustive because we are not aware of all infections worldwide in addition to their potential mechanisms for oncogenesis. More research is required for all of the species mentioned in this review.
Highlights
Out of all of the infectious diseases worldwide, there are only a few microorganisms that have a well-defined mechanism associated with oncogenesis
Oncogenes encoded by Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) include latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and LMP2A where LMP1 induces growth promoting signals while mimicking CD40 signaling pathways while LMP2A acts like a B cell receptor that activates AKT, NF-kB, NOTCH, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase [10] [11]
The destabilization of the host chromosome is more common in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections than it is in hepatitis C viral (HCV) infections
Summary
Out of all of the infectious diseases worldwide, there are only a few microorganisms that have a well-defined mechanism associated with oncogenesis. There are mechanisms associated with a genetic transfer of viral DNA to the host genome, potentially causing an opportunity for mutagenesis that leads to oncogenesis [2]. This means that there is evidence regarding the microbe’s ability to promote oncogenesis, other genes responsible for the promotion of cancer remains unknown. While immune surveillance is a powerful mechanism for detecting and destroying precancerous and cancerous cells, it is important to keep in mind that the immune system fights pathogens that are known carcinogens
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