Abstract
Hyperuricemia has been shown to associate with high incidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease [1,2] and the beneficial effect of the treatment with allopurinol has been shown in hyperuricemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients [3]. Moreover, recent investigations have demonstrated that monosodium urate crystals activate natural immune system through its binding to Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) [4]. These indicate that xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor is a good candidate for renoprotective agents. However, there is evidence that, in contrast to the pro-inflammatory action of monosodium urate crystals, soluble form of uric acid in plasma acts as a major anti-oxidant in body [5]. Furthermore, allopurinol has been speculated to have nonspecific action on purine nucleotide metabolism pathway, because it is generated as purine nucleotide derivative. Thus, presently it is unclear whether treating non-symptomatic hyperuricemic subject with XOR inhibitor has beneficial effects on the progression of cardiovascular or kidney disease.
Highlights
Can Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitor Protect Kidney against Progressive Injury?Noritaka Kawada1,2, Yoshitaka Isaka2, Hiroki Omori2, Harumi Kitamura2, Hiromi Rakugi2 and Toshiki Moriyama1 1Health Care Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 2Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Hyperuricemia has been shown to associate with high incidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease [1,2] and the beneficial effect of the treatment with allopurinol has been shown in hyperuricemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients [3]
In our recent study [6], we have demonstrated that a novel xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor, Febuxostat, moderates the inflammation and the progression of fibrosis in rat unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model
Summary
Noritaka Kawada1,2, Yoshitaka Isaka2, Hiroki Omori2, Harumi Kitamura2, Hiromi Rakugi2 and Toshiki Moriyama1 1Health Care Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 2Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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