Can We Use Non Invasive Prenatal Testing to Determine Adverse Obstetrics Outcomes? [07K

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine if an increased fetal fraction of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal plasma collected during first and second trimester aneuploidy screening is predictive of adverse obstetric complications related to placental dysfunction including preeclampsia, IUGR, preterm birth, PIH and GDM. Therefore possibly implementing early interventions which may reduce the mortality and morbidity associated. METHODS: Retrospective study on women with singleton pregnancies who underwent first/second trimester noninvasive Prenatal Testing between 2017 and 2019 at Brooklyn Hospital Center. The fetal fraction of each sample, gestational age and maternal weight was obtained. EMR was used to obtain maternal characteristics/obstetric records such as age, BMI, ethnicity, parity, significant past medical history, social history, antepartum course and gestational age at delivery. Obstetric complications, if any, were identified. Data was transcribed to Microsoft Excel, eliminating any definitive patient identifiers to maintain confidentiality during analysis. Statistical analysis utilized descriptive statistics, the Students t-test for equality of means and linear regression. Probability outcomes <0.05, were statistically significant. RESULTS: Patients with preeclampsia had a mean CfDNA fetal fraction of 8.86% +3% which was statistically significant (P=.040) as compared to 11.61% + 5% for the non-preeclampsia group. The BHCG from sequential part 1 was higher in the preeclampsia group (P<.05). CONCLUSION: Our results indicated fetal fraction and BHCG (from Sequential Part 1) are predictive of preeclampsia. No other obstetric complications correlated to fetal fraction CfDNA. However there was a narrow sample size of obstetric complications and complete serum marker profiles for sequential screens.