Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the association between dietary intake during pregnancy and different gestational clinical conditions (hypertensive, diabetics, smokers, having intrauterine growth restriction and a control group) and associated factors. Methods: cross-sectional study nested in a cohort study from 2011 to 2016 that occurred in three hospitals in Porto Alegre (Brazil). Sociodemographic conditions and prenatal were investigated and maternal feeding practices were analyzed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire. To calculate the caloric percentage from food groups, food items were categorized into:unprocessed or minimally processed, processed and ultra-processed foods. The Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc compared food consumption between the groups and the Poisson regression evaluated the association between the variables. Results: there was no statistical difference in food intake among 303 mothers of different gestational clinical conditions, but diabetic pregnant women had lower caloric contribution value of ultra-processed foods. In addition, pregnant women from all groups showed adequate consumption in relation to the percentage of caloric contribution of macronutrients in the total energy value. Conclusions: there was no difference in energy consumption according to different gestational clinical conditions.In diabetic, smokers and hypertensive pregnant women, associations between total energy intake and different sociodemographic factors were observed between the groups.
Highlights
In order to ensure adequate weight gain and favorable intrauterine environment, pregnant women should meet nutritional requirements.[1]
The current study aimed to investigate the association between food consumption and dietary pattern during pregnancy and different gestational clinical conditions
Pregnant women who reported consumption above 10,000 Kcal were removed from the sample because we consider extreme values of energy consumption, and unreliable
Summary
In order to ensure adequate weight gain and favorable intrauterine environment, pregnant women should meet nutritional requirements.[1] Insufficient gestational weight gain is associated with greater risk of low birth weight and prematurity, while excessive gain is related to newborns considered large for gestational age and cesarean sections.[2]. Besides the influence in maternal and neonatal outcomes, inadequate maternal nutrition may develop an unfavorable intrauterine environment, which is related to increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and systemic arterial hypertension in the offspring.[3]. It is possible to carry out an assessment taking into account food processing level.[7]
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