Can the Bhutan Yak Federation Revitalize Waning Yak Herders’ Enthusiasm and Rejuvenate the Declining Yak Farming in Bhutan

Abstract

Yaks, native to Bhutan and other Himalayan regions, play a crucial role in the livelihoods of highlanders, serving as a sources of milk products, meat, transportation, fiber, and even dung used as fuelwood for cooking. Concerned about the perceived decline in the country’s yak population, the Bhutan Yak Federation (BYF) was established in 2019 to support highlanders. Presently, the BYF consists of 268 males and 203 females, representing 1067 yak rearing households. Its primary objectives include advocating for policy and investment support and promoting yak farming as a vibrant and sustainable enterprise. To gain a deeper understating of BYF’s roles and functions, this study focused on the Lingshi and Sephu yak cooperatives under the Thimphu and Wangduephodrang districts, conducting phone interviews with 40 cooperative members. The study revealed that highlanders primarily generate income through the sale of cordyceps, followed by yak products, portering services, and medicinal plants collection.