Can Subepididymal Orchiectomy Re-emerge as the Treatment of Choice in Patients with Advanced Prostatic Carcinoma?

Abstract

To study the effectiveness of bilateral subepididymal orchiectomy compared to bilateral simple and subcapsular orchiectomy in terms of androgen ablation, control of disease progression and esthetic superiority. 114 patients of advanced prostatic carcinoma (T3, T4, M1) were randomized to 3 groups- Group A: bilateral simple orchiectomy (38 patients), Group B: bilateral subcapsular orchiectomy (38 patients), & Group C: bilateral subepididymal orchiectomy (38 patients). Serum PSA and serum testosterone values were checked pre-operatively and at 3months follow-up. Patients' esthetic satisfaction was scored on a quality of life scale of 1-5. In Groups A, B and C, at 3months the post-operative mean serum testosterone values were 34.7, 38.1 and 36.7ng/dl (p = 0.0524); and mean serum PSA values were 4.2, 3.9 and 3.4ng/ml (p = 0.09) respectively, the differences not being statistically significant. On esthetic satisfaction scale the average scores were 1.8, 2.7 and 4.0 respectively, the difference being highly significant (p < 0.0001). Subepididymal orchiectomy maintains esthetic appearance of scrotum and provides superior patient satisfaction as compared to standard total and subcapsular orchiectomy, while achieving equal efficacy. Bilateral sub-epididymal orchiectomy may thus be considered procedure of choice to achieve androgen ablation in advanced prostatic carcinoma.