Abstract
Among teleosts simultaneous hermaphroditism and spontaneous sex inversion (either protogyny or protandry) occur in many families that inhabit tropical and subtropical marine waters. The tooth-carp Rivulus marmoratus is unique among these in being self-fertilizing. Most studies are descriptive work on gonad histology and reproductive behavior. Experimental investigations are scanty and do not yet provide fruitful ideas that might help to understand what is occurring in a fish when it changes sex. Behavioral observations and experiments led to the hypothesis that in certain coral reef fish sex inversion may be under social control. The term sex inversion requires closer examination in order to bridge the gap between the effects of external stimuli and of endogenous mechanisms the nature of which remains unknown so far.
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