Abstract
Background: Reward sensitivity has been associated with adolescents’ intake of unhealthy snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages. However, so far, there are no studies published describing the impact of parenting practices on this relationship. The present study will, therefore, investigate whether food parenting practices can moderate the association between reward sensitivity and diet intakes. Method: A cross-sectional research study was conducted among 14- to 16-year old Flemish adolescents (n = 867, age 14.7 ± 0.8 y, 48.1% boys) and a subset of their parents (n = 131), collecting data on daily intakes, reward sensitivity, and food parenting practices. Linear regression was used to assess the moderation effect of parenting practices (both adolescent- and parent-reported) on the relationship between reward sensitivity, and diet using SPSS 25.0. Results: In the main analysis (adolescent-reported), no significant moderation effects were found for parenting practices on the relationship between reward sensitivity and diet. However, the sensitivity analysis (parent-reported) showed a moderation effect for health-reducing parenting practices on the association between reward sensitivity and unhealthy snack intake (β = 0.297, 95% CI = 0.062, 0.531, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Given the difference in the effect of parenting practices between the adolescent- and parent-reported data, our inconclusive findings warrant more research in larger adolescent-parent dyad samples.
Highlights
Adolescents’ eating pattern is characterized by a high intake of energy-dense snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) [1,2]
The present study investigated whether the influence of reward sensitivity, a known determinant of snack and SSB intake in adolescents [8], might be affected by either health-promoting or health-reducing food parenting practices
Following the goodness-of-fit [26] model, suggesting that the interaction between an adolescent’s temperament and its environment is one of the core mechanisms leading to aadaptive behavior, we assumed that the association between reward sensitivity and unhealthy eating and drinking behavior might be attenuated by health-promoting parenting practices while being enhanced by health-reducing parenting practices
Summary
Adolescents’ eating pattern is characterized by a high intake of energy-dense snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) [1,2]. Reward sensitivity has been associated with adolescents’ intake of unhealthy snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages. The present study will, investigate whether food parenting practices can moderate the association between reward sensitivity and diet intakes. Linear regression was used to assess the moderation effect of parenting practices (both adolescent- and parent-reported) on the relationship between reward sensitivity, and diet using SPSS 25.0. Results: In the main analysis (adolescent-reported), no significant moderation effects were found for parenting practices on the relationship between reward sensitivity and diet. The sensitivity analysis (parent-reported) showed a moderation effect for health-reducing parenting practices on the association between reward sensitivity and unhealthy snack intake (β = 0.297, 95% CI = 0.062, 0.531, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Given the difference in the effect of parenting practices between the adolescent- and parent-reported data, our inconclusive findings warrant more research in larger adolescent-parent dyad samples
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