Abstract
Recent findings regarding uses of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-lysate on weight loss and improved glucose tolerance in mice on a high-fat diet suggest an encouraging possibility of using MSC lysate for an anti-aging intervention in humans. However, weight loss and lipopenia during late life can be as life-threatening as hyperglycemia during early adulthood. For this 3-year lifelong experiment, a total of 92 rats were randomized into the vehicle-injected group (F=22; M=24) and the MSC lysate injected group (F=22, M=24). We examined longevity, spontaneous locomotor activity, and body composition in rats maintained on a normal diet and received an intermittent treatment of human adipose-derived MSC lysate (3 times a week, 11 times a month given every second month), starting at 12 months of age until natural death. In substantiating previous knowledge regarding the effects of long-term MSC lysate treatments on fat loss and insulin resistance, the present findings also highlighted a shortened average lifespan, a longer inactive time, and a greater bone loss with a relative increase of lean mass in MSC lysate rats with respect to controls. Conclusion: Our data suggest that MSC lysate treatments stimulate disparity in tissue development and produce a cachexia-like effect to decrease longevity.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has high potency to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes and myoblasts [1,2,3] with an advantage of hypoimmunogenic property for allogenic applications across different individuals and species [4, 5]
Human adiposederived MSC has been shown to have the same effect as mice adipose-derived MSC [6] on preventing weight gain and glucose intolerance in mice on a high fat diet [7, 8]
The present study aimed to ascertain the effects of long-term MSC lysate treatment on longevity, activity level, and body composition of rats fed with standard diet
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has high potency to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes and myoblasts [1,2,3] with an advantage of hypoimmunogenic property for allogenic applications across different individuals and species [4, 5]. Human adiposederived MSC has been shown to have the same effect as mice adipose-derived MSC [6] on preventing weight gain and glucose intolerance in mice on a high fat diet [7, 8]. The therapeutic benefit of MSC transplantation is thought to be mediated by its paracrine effect [9,10,11]. Lysate from human adipose-derived MSC has demonstrated a comparable improvement in glucose tolerance in mice on a high-fat diet [8]. The present study aimed to ascertain the effects of long-term MSC lysate treatment on longevity, activity level, and body composition of rats fed with standard diet. Based on the theoretical framework, we expected increases in longevity and vitality of naturally aging rats after prolonged MSC lysate treatment
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