Abstract
<p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong></p><p>Based on very poor veterinary and human evidence, fluid bags and IV sets should be changed every 96 hours whether on one or multiple patients. Additionally, supportive evidence suggests that creating a routine of wiping ports with alcohol prior to injection or withdrawal may significantly decrease the likelihood of fluid contamination. This certainly seems to be an area that needs more research. <strong></strong></p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />
Highlights
Intervention details: Human adult and neonatal patients receiving fluid therapy had their fluid lines evaluated for contamination at varying frequencies
Intervention details: Lactated Ringers Solution (LRS) IV bags were placed in an emergency room and intensive care unit of an ICU
No bags in the ICU had bacterial contamination of fluid but bags in the ER were at 1.1% colonisation by day 4 and reached a maximum fluid colonisation of 4.4% by day 7 and 10
Summary
Population: Adult and neonatal human patients on central or peripheral IV and arterial lines with fluids being delivered over a period of time. Intervention details: Human adult and neonatal patients receiving fluid therapy had their fluid lines evaluated for contamination at varying frequencies. Outcome studied: IV fluid colonisation and blood stream infections of patients on IV fluids. Main findings: (relevant to PICO question): 1% of patients get a fluid IV bag-related infection at 3.6% colonisation of bacteria. IV sets should be replaced every 96 hours (current CDC guidelines) unless containing blood products or parenteral nutrition. Neonates may warrant special consideration and more frequent IV set changes.
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