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Abstract
Genetics plays an integral role in athletic performance and is increasingly becoming recognised as an important risk factor for injury. Ankle and knee injuries are the most common injuries sustained by soccer players. Often these injuries result in players missing training and matches, which can incur significant costs to clubs. This study aimed to identify genotypes associated with ankle and knee injuries in soccer players and how these impacted the number of matches played. 289 soccer players, including 46 professional, 98 semi-professional and 145 amateur players, were genetically tested. Ankle and knee injuries and the number of matches played were recorded during the 2014/15 season. Four genes were assessed in relation to injury. Genotypes found to be associated with injury included the TT (nucleobase) genotype of the GDF5 gene, TT and CT (nucleobase) genotypes of AMPD1 gene, TT genotype of COL5A1 and GG (nucleobase) genotype of IGF2 gene. These genes were also associated with a decrease in the number of matches played.
Highlights
Soccer is one of the most commonly played sports in the world, with The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) estimating that 265 million people play the sport worldwide, as of 2006.Injury of the lower extremities accounts for approximately two thirds [1] of all injuries among soccer players, with ankle injuries being reported as to be the most common injury
While knee injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament rupture, causes the most time lost from competition and training in soccer [1]
There was no difference in injury (ankle injuries: F(2, 43) = 2.89 p > 0.05, knee injuries: F(2, 43) = 4.25 p < 0.05, total injuries: F(2, 43) = 2.47 p > 0.05) or matches played (F(2, 43) = 2.33 p > 0.05) between genotypes in professional players (Figure 2)
Summary
Injury of the lower extremities accounts for approximately two thirds [1] of all injuries among soccer players, with ankle injuries being reported as to be the most common injury. While knee injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament rupture, causes the most time lost from competition and training in soccer [1]. Injury can have a number of consequences, both to the injured player and to the club. Injury to a player can have an impact on the club in terms of the number of potential competitive matches missed and the cost incurred. Some research suggests that an injury can lead to 4 missed matches on average [2]
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