Abstract
<p class="apa">The aim of this study is to investigate whether entrepreneurship trainings can reduce stereotypes against women entrepreneurship. With this aim socio-psychological obstacles to women entrepreneurship in Turkey are examined, and an experimental study is carried out. Entrepreneurship courses were given with a special emphasis on women entrepreneurship and gender issues. To evaluate the out puts of the experimental study, a questionnaire was designed and applied to students. In order to make a comparison, the same questionnaire was applied to students from two other universities, who have taken entrepreneurship courses through the classical method and curricula.</p><p class="apa">Survey tool includes 21 statements on women entrepreneurship, 5 positive and 16 negative. A non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that the experimental group would score lower in negative statements and higher in positive statements, on the average, than the non-experimental group. Test results indicate that mean ranks for the two groups differ significantly from each other in 12 items (p&lt;.05). Experimental group score significantly higher than the non-experimental group in 4 positive and 1 negative statements; and lower than the non-experimental group in 7 negative statements. Compared to non-experimental group, experimental group seems to have higher scoring for awareness and advocacy of women entrepreneurship and lower scoring for socio-psychological obstacles against women entrepreneurship. According to the survey results, it can be concluded that modification of entrepreneurship education curricula will contribute to reduce stereotypes hindering women entrepreneurship.</p>
Highlights
Introduction and Purpose of the StudyWomen’s less entrepreneurial activity compared to men, is examined from different aspects by various disciplines
According to the survey results, it can be concluded that modification of entrepreneurship education curricula will contribute to reduce stereotypes hindering women entrepreneurship
Reasons why women do not become an entrepreneur, sectors women entrepreneurs choose, problems women entrepreneurs encounter at start-up phase and while managing their businesses constitute the general framework of women entrepreneurship studies
Summary
Introduction and Purpose of the StudyWomen’s less entrepreneurial activity compared to men, is examined from different aspects by various disciplines. Gender analysis by psychology, legal regulations, women rights and citizenship by political science, entrepreneurial profiles by business administration and development linkages by economics etc. Reasons why women do not become an entrepreneur, sectors women entrepreneurs choose, problems women entrepreneurs encounter at start-up phase and while managing their businesses constitute the general framework of women entrepreneurship studies. Obstacles against women entrepreneurship can be evaluated in three phases. Barriers hindering women to become an entrepreneur, problems women entrepreneurs encounter at start-up, and problems women entrepreneurs encounter at managing their business. On the other hand obstacles against women entrepreneurship can be classified according to its source as legal, political, social, economic, socio-psychological etc. Stereotypes, as socio-psychological obstacles, negatively effect women’s decisions and success in all phases
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