Can contrast-enhanced ultrasonography replace multidetector-computed tomography in the detection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer?

Abstract

Purpose To compare the sensitivity and specificity of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and 4-slice multidetector-computed tomography (MDCT) in the detection of liver metastases in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and methods Candidates for this prospective study were 461 consecutive patients referred to the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital with primary or local recurrence of CRC. The patients underwent liver ultrasonography (US), CEUS, MDCT and intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS). Fine-needle biopsy was performed on all suspicious lesions. The examinations were interpreted blindly and the combination of US, CEUS, biphasic MDCT, IOUS, follow up and biopsy was the gold standard. Results Three hundred and sixty-five patients were included. All patients had undergone preoperative US, CEUS and MDCT and 65.5% had received IOUS. The gold standard found liver metastases in 54 patients (14.8%). Multidetector CT found significantly more metastases than CEUS in 15 (28%) of the patients ( p = 0.02). In a patient-by-patient analysis MDCT had a non-significantly higher sensitivity in the detection of liver metastases compared to CEUS (0.89 versus 0.80, p = 0.06). The specificity of CEUS (0.98) was slightly better than that of MDCT (0.94) ( p = 0.02). Conclusion Multidetector CT found significant more metastases than CEUS, and MDCT had in patient-by-patient analysis a non-significant better sensitivity ( p = 0.06) in detecting liver metastases in patients with CRC.