Abstract
Low efficiency is a key problem confronting the development and application of phytoremediation technology. Based on political pressure to reduce CO2 emissions in China and the fact that CO2 is necessary for plant photosynthesis, the effects of captured CO2 fertilization on phytoremediation of soil di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) pollution by C3 plant (mung bean, Vigna radiata L.) and C4 plant (maize, Zea mays L.) were investigated. Results showed that DEHP pollution negatively affected the growth and rhizosphere environments of both plants. After CO2 fertilization, both plants had more biomass (aboveground, belowground, and total dry weight), higher alkaline phosphatase activity, and more microbes with DEHP tolerance in their rhizospheres. Superoxide dismutase activity in leaves of both plants decreased significantly. Microbial community composition in both rhizospheres changed. CO2 fertilization also increased plant uptake of DEHP, particularly in the roots, and decreased residual DEHP concentrations in the rhizospheres. These effects were more evident in the C3 than in the C4 plant. This study indicated that CO2 fertilization can enhance the phytoremediation process of polluted soil through promoting plant growth, improving the rhizosphere environment, and increasing plant uptake of DEHP, particular in a C3 plant. CO2 fertilization could be considered as a measure to enhance phytoremediation.
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