Abstract
To find out the association between poor glycaemic levels and biochemical and haematological abnormalities in patients of corona virus disease-2019. The prospective, observational, cohort study was conducted at the Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan, from September 2020 to February 2021, and comprised all patients who tested positive for coronavirus disease-2019 on polymerase chain reaction test and were subsequently admitted. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of random blood glucose level at the time of admission; ≥11.1mmol/l (206mg/dl) in group A and 4-11.1mmol (74-206mg/dl) in group B. Association between categorical variables was evaluated and hazard ratio was measured. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Of the 349 patients, there were 56(16%) in group A; 40(71.4%) males and 16(28.6%) females with age range 39-61 years. There were 293(84%) subjects in group B; 239(81.5%) males and 54(18.5%) females with age range 27-53 years. Overall, 75(21.4%) patients were known type 2 diabetics. A significant association was found between poor glycaemic control and raised levels of C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, troponin, creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine and D-dimers (p<0.05). Inter-group differences were significant for acute kidney injury, acute liver injury, Intensive care unit admission for coagulation abnormalities and for overall mortality (p<0.05). Poor glycaemic control was found to be a risk factor for developing multisystem complications in patients of coronavirus disease-2019.
Highlights
Due to its rapid global progression, coronovairus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on March 11, 2020.1Severe acute respiratory syndrome Covid-2 (SARS-Cov-2), an enveloped beta coronavirus, generally spreads directly from human to human through droplets, fomite or aerosols.[2]
Pr was found between poor glycaemic control and raised levels of C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, troponin, creatine kinase, reatine kinase-MB, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine and D-dimers (p
Inter-group differences were significant for acute kidney injury, acute liver injury, Intensive care unit admission for coagulation abnormalities and for overall mortality (p
Summary
Due to its rapid global progression, coronovairus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on March 11, 2020.1. Severe acute respiratory syndrome Covid-2 (SARS-Cov-2), an enveloped beta coronavirus, generally spreads directly from human to human through droplets, fomite or aerosols.[2] It presents with diverse types of symptoms, ranging from no symptoms at all to mild symptoms, like flu, fever, loss of sense of taste and smell, etc. COVID-19 and diabetes can cause disaster in the health systems of a developing country like Pakistan. During the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in 2009, poor glycaemic level of patients was found to be an independent predictor of severe complications.[7] SARS-Cov-2 pathophysiology is not completely understood, there is evidence suggestive of its role in triggering inflammatory pathways, altered acute respiratory distress syndrome
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