Can artificial nest-cavities be used as a management tool to assist the control of Common Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)?

Abstract

Invasive species represent the second greatest threat to biodiversity after habitat loss, and significantly affect agriculture worldwide. The Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is one of the world's worst invasive species and has established pest populations across the globe, with low-density, highly persecuted populations in Western Australia (WA) since the 1970s. This study examines the ongoing control of low-density populations of Common Starlings in WA. From May 2006 to June 2009 we monitored use by Common Starlings of 180 artificial nest-cavities of three designs, across three habitat types; the artificial cavities were standard wooden nest-boxes, and terracotta pipes orientated vertically or horizontally. During the trial, Common Starlings nested exclusively in wooden nest-boxes in swamps containing predominantly dead trees; they did not nest in the terracotta pipes. Wooden nest-boxes may have helped concentrate breeding Common Starlings in a defined area, thereby assisting control efforts.