Abstract
A new species of the Campylobacter genus is described, isolated from the preputial mucosa of bulls (Bos taurus). The five isolates obtained exhibit characteristics of Campylobacter, being Gram-negative non-motile straight rods, oxidase positive, catalase negative and microaerophilic. Phenotypic characteristics and nucleotide sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and hsp60 genes demonstrated that these isolates belong to a novel species within the genus Campylobacter. Based on hsp60 gene phylogenetic analysis, the most related species are C. ureolyticus, C. blaseri and C. corcagiensis. The whole genome sequence analysis of isolate FMV-PI01 revealed that the average nucleotide identity with other Campylobacter species was less than 75%, which is far below the cut-off for isolates of the same species. However, whole genome sequence analysis identified coding sequences highly homologous with other Campylobacter spp. These included several virulence factor coding genes related with host cell adhesion and invasion, transporters involved in resistance to antimicrobials, and a type IV secretion system (T4SS), containing virB2-virB11/virD4 genes, highly homologous to the C. fetus subsp. venerealis. The genomic G+C content of isolate FMV-PI01 was 28.3%, which is one of the lowest values reported for species of the genus Campylobacter. For this species the name Campylobacter portucalensis sp. nov. is proposed, with FMV-PI01 (= LMG 31504, = CCUG 73856) as the type strain.
Highlights
The Campylobacteraceae family of the order Campylobacterales is the largest and most diverse family in class Epsilonproteobacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria [1]
Campylobacter, the type genus of the family, contains species known to be pathogenic to humans [2] and other animals [3] as well as non-pathogenic species that colonize a large range of molluscs, reptiles, birds and mammals [4]
The in vivo collected preputial sample aliquot transported in PBS and streaked onto BA produced Campylobacter-like morphology colonies
Summary
The Campylobacteraceae family of the order Campylobacterales is the largest and most diverse family in class Epsilonproteobacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria [1]. Campylobacter, the type genus of the family, contains species known to be pathogenic to humans [2] and other animals [3] as well as non-pathogenic species that colonize a large range of molluscs, reptiles, birds and mammals [4]. The Campylobacter genus comprises 31 species and 13 subspecies [5]. Campylobacter portucalensis, a new species of Campylobacter. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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