Campaign Strategies and Voter Approval of School Referenda: A Mixed Methods Analysis

Abstract

Drawing from state administrative data and surveys of superintendents in Ohio, this mixed methods study examined factors associated with voters’ approval of local school levies. Utilizing binomial logistic regression, this study found that new levies and poverty rates were significantly associated with a decrease in the likelihood of passage. Implementing more campaign strategies and higher levels of commercial/industrial property increased the likelihood of levy passage. Specific campaign tactics were identified as predictors of levy passage (e.g., 6-week campaign, targeting yes voters). Qualitative analysis suggests that “levy fatigue” and the uncertain state of the economy were factors in the election.