Camellia japonica Essential Oil Inhibits α-MSH-Induced Melanin Production and Tyrosinase Activity in B16F10 Melanoma Cells.

Si Young Ha,Jae-Kyung Yang,Ji Young Jung,Francisco Solano

doi:10.1155/2021/6328767

Si Young Ha, Jae-Kyung Yang + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6328767

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Abstract

Essential oils are aromatic oils extracted from the leaves, stems, peels, petals, and roots of aromatic plants grown in nature or grown in organic methods and have various medical effects as natural substances. The essential oil extracted from Camellia japonica seeds exhibits various functional properties; however, its tyrosinase inhibitory activity has not been investigated extensively. This study is performed to investigate the chemical composition and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of Camellia japonica seed essential oil (CJS-EO). Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (42.36%) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (23.28%) are the two primary components of CJS-EO, as identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The inhibitory activities of CJS-EO and positive control arbutin are further evaluated against mushroom tyrosinase. The results show that CJS-EO and arbutin inhibit tyrosinase activity. Moreover, CJS-EO significantly inhibits melanogenesis in the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-treated group, and a significant amount of melanin is suppressed. To ascertain the cause of the CJS-EO tyrosinase inhibitory effect and melanin reduction effect, genetic and protein analyses are performed. Based on our results, we tentatively conclude that CJS-EO can inhibit melanocytes from harmful factors such as tyrosinase-related protein. These results demonstrate that CJS-EO possesses potent antityrosinase activity and may be a good skin-whitening agent.

Highlights

Skin color is affected by pigments such as melanin in the epidermis, hemoglobin in the blood vessels of the dermis, and carotene in the subcutaneous tissue
Camellia japonica seed essential oil (CJS-EO) was obtained at a yield of 18% w/w. e chemical composition of CJS-EO was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Table 1). e peaks were separated in GC, and 17 compounds were identified via MS, which constituted 90% of the total peak area (Table 1). e main chemical components of the CJS-EO were hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (42.36%), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (23.28%), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (5.81%), hexanedioic acid (5.56%), and vanillin (2.96%)
GC-MS analysis detected hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in leaf and stem extracts of Bauhinia acuminata Linn [22]. e volatile components in Moringa oleifera were mainly composed of esters, acids, aldehydes, and hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbons are mainly hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane [23]

Summary

Introduction

Skin color is affected by pigments such as melanin in the epidermis, hemoglobin in the blood vessels of the dermis, and carotene in the subcutaneous tissue. The external skin color is determined by the amount and distribution of melanin pigment [1]. Enzymes involved in melanin synthesis are well known as tyrosinase, tyrosinaserelated protein-1 (TRP-1), and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT, TRP-2) [2]. Tyrosinase is an enzyme acting in the initial reaction, which is the rate-determining step of melanin synthesis, and oxidizes tyrosinase to DOPAquinone [3]. Melanin plays an important role in protecting the skin from UV rays and external harmful factors in human skin. When it is produced in excess and accumulated on the skin, it can cause melasma, freckles, skin spots, etc. When it is produced in excess and accumulated on the skin, it can cause melasma, freckles, skin spots, etc. and can lead to cell death due to the toxicity of melanin precursors and diseases such as skin cancer [5,6,7]

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