Abstract
Camel milk (CM) is considered to protect the liver in the practice of traditional medicine in nomadic areas. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of CM on the hepatic biochemical and multiple omics alterations induced by chronic alcoholic liver disease (ALD). An intragastric gavage mice Lieber DeCarli + Gao binge model (NIAAA model) was employed to investigate the inflammatory mechanism of camel milk on the liver tissue of mice. A gut microbiota of the feces of mice and transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the liver of mice were performed. Analysis of serum and liver biochemical indexes revealed that camel milk not only prevents alcohol-induced colonic dysfunction and lipid accumulation, but also regulates oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production to protect against chronic ALD in mouse. The gut microbial community of mice treated with camel milk was more similar to the untreated control group than to the model group, indicating that the intake of camel milk pre- and post-alcohol gavage effectively prevents and alleviates the intestinal microbial disorder caused by chronic alcoholism in mice. Furthermore, the results of the transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the liver tissue showed that camel milk can improve alcoholic liver injury in mice by regulating inflammatory factors and immune system disruptions. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanism by which camel milk can be developed as a potential functional food with no side effects and against liver injury.
Highlights
Camel milk (CM) is considered to protect the liver in the practice of traditional medicine in nomadic areas
Compared to the NC group, the ET group displayed a significant increase in Alanine transaminas (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), while the CM group demonstrated an obvious decrease (p < 0.001) (Fig. 2A,B), which initially indicates that camel milk protects against chronic alcoholic liver damage and could relieve damaged tissue
All of these results suggest that camel milk decrease alcohol-induced aminotransferase, and regulates oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production to protect against chronic alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice
Summary
Camel milk (CM) is considered to protect the liver in the practice of traditional medicine in nomadic areas. Analysis of serum and liver biochemical indexes revealed that camel milk prevents alcohol-induced colonic dysfunction and lipid accumulation, and regulates oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production to protect against chronic ALD in mouse. Bacterial-derived LPS is increased in the hepatic circulatory system of the liver due to mucosal damage, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and intestinal permeability This promotes interaction between LPS and Kupffer cells’ toll-like receptor 4 TLR4, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and IL-1β) and resulting in inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in the liver[9]. In the present study, a mouse liver injury model induced by long-term alcohol was established to explore the protective effect of camel milk on chronic liver injury caused by alcohol intake and the signal mechanism of inflammatory response
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
