Cambio climático y plaguicidas: el caso del glifosato

Abstract

esticide pollution, such as that caused by glyphosate, affects marine and terrestrial ecosystems globally. This agrochemical pollution is exacerbated by climate change, which leads to fluctuations in temperatures and increases in greenhouse gases. These factors stress organisms and their microbiomes. Additionally, the stress caused by climate change forces organisms to adapt to changes in precipitation patterns, resulting in droughts and floods. Consequently, the use of pesticides has also changed, often leading to the application of larger quantities than were previously required, due to the growing resistance of some pests. It has been documented that climate change has driven many organisms to migrate geographically. The interaction between pesticide uses and temperature fluctuations promotes plant diseases, reducing the availability and quality of food, while also causing damage to the reproduction of certain organisms, such as insects, amphibians, and fish, among others. In the case of glyphosate, its intensive and widespread use—primarily due to genetically modified seeds—has led to contamination of virtually all ecosystems with this compound, including humans. Keywords: Pesticides, Glyphosate, Climate change.