Abstract
abstract Article history:Received 8 January 2013Accepted 17 January 2014Available online 9 May 2014Keywords:2,4-DBACell developmentLuteinMarigold Background:Thepropertiesofnaturalpigments,suchasantioxidants,functional,medical,andnutraceutical,havedemonstratedtheadvantagesofthesenaturalcompoundsoversyntheticones.Someproductsareacceptedonlywhen they are pigmented with natural, food-quality colorants: for example poultry products (manly marigoldflower extracts). Carotenoids such as β-carotene, β-criptoxanthin and lutein are very attractive as natural foodcolorants due to their antioxidant and pro-vitamin activities which provide additional value to the targetproducts.Marigold (Tagetes erecta)isan Asteraceous ornamentalplantnativetoMexico,anditisalsoimportantasa carotenoid source for industrial and medicinalpurposesbut nowadays its production isdestined mainlyforornamental purposes.Results: Friable callus of T. erecta yellow flower (YF) and white flower (WF) varieties was induced from leafexplants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 9.0 μM 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D) and 8.8 μM benzyladenine (BA). Calluses developed from both varieties were different in pigmentation.Extract characterization from callus cultures was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). This analytical process detected several carotenoids; the main pigments in extracts from YF calluswereluteinandzeaxanthin,whereasintheextractsoftheWFcallusthemainpigmentswerelutein,zeaxanthin,β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene. Callus cultures of T. erecta accumulated pigments even after several rounds ofsubculture.Conclusions:WFcallusappearedtobeasuitablecandidateasasou rceofdifferentcarotenoids,andtestedvarietiescould represent an alternative for further studies about in vitro pigment production.© 2014 Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Highlights
Natural pigments are involved in essential processes for the plant life such as photosynthesis, plant protection and reproduction among others [1,2]
We describe the establishment of a cell culture from two contrasting pigment varieties of T. erecta, in order to qualitatively compare pigment presence and accumulation for their further utilization in breeding strategies to modify carotenoids biosynthetic pathway and their cellular storage
Germination of yellow flower (YF) variety was 90%, IG = 4.5 d and M = 12.5 seeds/d, while white flower (WF) presented 83% germination, IG = 4.4 d and M = 3.3 seeds/day. Leaves from these seedlings were used as initial explant for callus induction on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with combinations of 2,4-D and BA
Summary
Natural pigments are involved in essential processes for the plant life such as photosynthesis, plant protection and reproduction among others [1,2]. The carotenoid biosynthesis pathway has been widely studied and it is important to continue analyzing it in different plant sources [4] These compounds are the second most abundant pigments in nature and are Production and hosting by Elsevier involved in an important set of reactions in plant reproduction, through their role in attracting pollinators and seed dispersers. Some products are accepted only when they are pigmented with natural, food-quality colorants: for example poultry products (manly marigold flower extracts) Carotenoids such as β-carotene, β-criptoxanthin and lutein are very attractive as natural food colorants due to their antioxidant and pro-vitamin activities which provide additional value to the target products. Results: Friable callus of T. erecta yellow flower (YF) and white flower (WF) varieties was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 9.0 μM 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 8.8 μM benzyladenine (BA) Calluses developed from both varieties were different in pigmentation. Conclusions: WF callus appeared to be a suitable candidate as a source of different carotenoids, and tested varieties could represent an alternative for further studies about in vitro pigment production
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