Abstract
At the beginning of World War II, the United States recognized the need for establishing systematic methods for calibrating and evaluating sonar transducers and established the Underwater Sound Reference Laboratory. The Underwater Sound Reference Detachment of the Naval Research Laboratory evolved from this beginning and now serves as the focus for underwater acoustic metrology in the United States. This paper covers the measurement facilities and methods for carrying out the metrology function. Evaluation of sonar transducers and some of the ongoing research in calibration measurement methodology are also discussed. Finally, some comments are made about calibration system requirements for implementing new measurement techniques.
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