Abstract
The article discusses the issues of increasing the efficiency of irrigation of crops cultivated in agriculture. Precise irrigation is an effective solution to irrigation problems. The methods and means of intellectual irrigation, based on sensors that monitor soil moisture and provide signals to the irrigation control solenoid valve, are described. A block diagram of an automatic drip irrigation system is described. For the experiment, five different types of droppers (A, B, C, D, and E) were used Rivulis Eurodrip brand, three of which are droppers with pressure compensation and two are the droppers without pressure compensation. Three parameters were used to study the characteristics of droppers: flow uniformity; volumetric water flow depending on the inlet pressure; determination of the dropper constant and the volume flow exponent. Droppers were tested at three pressures in the system: 0.05, 0.2 and 0.35 MPa. At each pressure value, the experiment was performed in triplicate. The process of calibrating humidity sensors is described. An analysis is made of the effect of soil moisture on the electrical resistance of the sensor for various types of soils. It is recommended that moisture sensors be calibrated to local soil and water conditions.
Highlights
One of the current issues of agriculture is energy conservation as a complex task that agricultural enterprises can solve in various ways
An essential reserve for improving irrigation efficiency is the improvement of the operational planning of irrigation using mathematical models and computer technology
There are various approaches to the irrigation system, which are based on approaches that take into account water balance, soil moisture measurements, plant stress, and other factors
Summary
One of the current issues of agriculture is energy conservation as a complex task that agricultural enterprises can solve in various ways. The optimal range of soil moisture provides the planned productivity of agrocenoses, as well as the economical use of water, material, technical, energy, and information resources. A standard definition of precision irrigation is sustainable water management, which includes delivering water to plants at the right time, in the right amount, in the right place, and in the right order. This technology allows controlling the variability of water in the field, which, in turn, increases the productivity and productivity of plants and the efficiency of water use, along with reducing energy costs for irrigation. Cycles and takes into account the wet condition of the soil, for example, after recent rain
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