Abstract
Wave overtopping is typically measured in the field using overtopping tanks. In this paper, an alternative system is developed that uses two laser scanners. The system also measures wave run-up, as well as run-up depths and velocities, both during perpendicular and oblique waves on a dike in the field. The paper considers the first calibration tests with the system in the field, with perpendicular and oblique waves generated by the wave run-up simulator on a grass dike slope. Furthermore, simulations are performed with the numerical wave model SWASH, to gain more insight in the potential performance of the system during actual oblique wave attack during a storm. The run-up is determined from the measured elevation and reflection intensity, which agrees well with the visually observed run-up. Run-up depths and front velocities can be determined accurately as well. The (virtual) wave overtopping discharge can be calculated from the data, which agrees well with the most commonly used overtopping equations for perpendicularly incident waves. Finally, from the simulated run-up data of obliquely incident waves, it is concluded that an estimate can be obtained of the incident wave period and wave angle of incidence at the toe of the structure.
Highlights
In the past, the required crest height of dikes was determined by assessing the wave run-up height
The present paper summarises the work of Oosterlo et al (2019) and extends it with an analysis of oblique wave attack, with field tests with the wave run-up simulator, and with simulations with the phase-resolving numerical wave model SWASH, Simulating WAves till SHore (Zijlema et al, 2011)
The present paper describes the analysis and cali bration with perpendicular and oblique waves physically simulated with the run-up simulator on an actual grass dike slope, as well as numerical simulations of obliquely incident waves with the SWASH model
Summary
The required crest height of dikes was determined by assessing the wave run-up height. The goal of this paper is to gain full insight in the capabilities of the laser scanners in measuring both perpendicular and obliquely incident waves To this end, the present paper describes the analysis and cali bration with perpendicular and oblique waves physically simulated with the run-up simulator on an actual grass dike slope, as well as numerical simulations of obliquely incident waves with the SWASH model. The results are compared to the most commonly used wave run-up and overtopping equations (EurOtop, 2018) If this calibration is successful, the laser scanner system will be placed next to two overtopping tanks on a dike in the Eems-Dollard estuary in the north of the Netherlands, to measure the wave run-up and overtopping during actual severe winter storms.
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