Abstract
Low-cost transporting vehicles are a crucial routine for orchards in the mountainous place. As the core component of the mountainous orchard carrier, the wire rope is easily damaged due to frequent handling of agricultural materials. The mechanical model of carrier wire rope is the prerequisite for studying its damage mechanism. This paper first analyzes the load-bearing characteristics of the wire rope of the carrier and then uses the theory of differential geometry and the elasticity of the wire rope to establish the mechanical model of the wire rope side strand strain ε0 and the axial load T of the wire rope end face in the erect state and the radial contact pressure Fa of the wire rope at the bending section and the mechanical model of the axial tension F and the pulley diameter D of the wire rope end face. On the basis of the mechanical model and the wire rope geometric solid model, the finite element stress analysis of the wire rope in the vertical state was carried out to verify the accuracy of the wire rope stress model. The results show that when the wire rope was in the vertical state, the wire-wire contact stress was linear directly proportional to the load on the end face of the wire rope; the wire-wire contact stress between the strands was about 12 times that within the strand; the average error between the simulated value and calculated value was about 13.6%, proving the correctness of the established wire mechanics model. When the rope and wheel were in contact, the contact pressure of the outer wire of the side strand was only related to the axial tension of the wire rope end face and the diameter of the pulley but not to the elasticity modulus of the pulley.
Highlights
Traditional orchard planting with poor site conditions lacks scientific and reasonable planning, and fruit trees mostly grow in places with undeveloped transportation or even on steep terraced fields
Wire rope traction-based carrier used in mountainous orchard is drawn by wire ropes, and the trolley travels along the track with a certain slope. e track is welded by 2 parallel tubes and auxiliary beams, and the slope of the track is set between 10° and 40° [2,3,4,5]
Steel wire rope is the core component of the carrier, and it is of great significance to study its failure behavior, and the mathematical modeling and mechanical modeling of the wire rope play an important role in the design and analysis
Summary
Traditional orchard planting with poor site conditions lacks scientific and reasonable planning, and fruit trees mostly grow in places with undeveloped transportation or even on steep terraced fields. According to the national standard GB/T5972-2009 “Cranes-Wire ropes-Care and maintenance, inspection and discard” and local engineering standard DG/T 211-2021 “Orchard Rail Transporter,” Guangdong local standard DB44/T 1993-2017 “Dural Rail Transporting Machine for Mountainous Orchard,” mountainous track carrier is different from traditional vertical hoist used in port, elevator used during construction, mine hoist, and aerial cable tramway, because its wire rope is affected by factors in traditional traction equipment such as long distance, high tension, multilayer winding and extrusion, and high corrosion, as well as new factors such as real-time variable tension, rotary torque, extrusion of restraining mechanism, and track vibration transformation. Wire ropes applied in different situations have different geometric model, mechanical model, stress, and strain, but for traction wire rope of mountainous track carrier, its mechanics performance analysis is not yet clear. The correctness of the mechanical model was verified by finite element analysis and experiments, providing theoretical basis for the optimization of the key components in mountainous carrier, the optimization of wire rope structure in complex mountainous environment, and the formulation of the criterion for rope replacement of corresponding equipment. e model helps reduce expensive tests under different parameters and operating conditions
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