Abstract
Abstract. Tropospheric ozone (O3) is the third most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas. O3 is detrimental to plant productivity, and it has a significant impact on crop yield. Currently, the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model includes a representation of global crops (JULES-crop) but does not have crop-specific O3 damage parameters and applies default C3 grass O3 parameters for soybean that underestimate O3 damage. Physiological parameters for O3 damage in soybean in JULES-crop were calibrated against leaf gas-exchange measurements from the Soybean Free Air Concentration Enrichment (SoyFACE) with O3 experiment in Illinois, USA. Other plant parameters were calibrated using an extensive array of soybean observations such as crop height and leaf carbon and meteorological data from FLUXNET sites near Mead, Nebraska, USA. The yield, aboveground carbon, and leaf area index (LAI) of soybean from the SoyFACE experiment were used to evaluate the newly calibrated parameters. The result shows good performance for yield, with the modelled yield being within the spread of the SoyFACE observations. Although JULES-crop is able to reproduce observed LAI seasonality, its magnitude is underestimated. The newly calibrated version of JULES will be applied regionally and globally in future JULES simulations. This study helps to build a state-of-the-art impact assessment model and contribute to a more complete understanding of the impacts of climate change on food production.
Highlights
Surface ozone (O3) pollution is one of the major threats to global food security due to the detrimental effects of ozone exposure on crops (Ainsworth et al, 2012; Avnery et al, 2011b; Leung et al, 2020; Long et al, 2005; Tai et al, 2014; Tai and Val Martin, 2017)
The representation of the soil properties in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) Soybean Free Air Concentration Enrichment (SoyFACE) run could be improved by calibration to site measurements
Characteristics of soybean are more similar to a shrub than grass; parameter calibration is needed to improve the performance of soybean in JULES-crop
Summary
Surface ozone (O3) pollution is one of the major threats to global food security due to the detrimental effects of ozone exposure on crops (Ainsworth et al, 2012; Avnery et al, 2011b; Leung et al, 2020; Long et al, 2005; Tai et al, 2014; Tai and Val Martin, 2017). In the United States alone, crop loss due to tropospheric O3 costs more than USD 5 billion annually (Ainsworth et al, 2012; Avnery et al, 2011a; Van Dingenen et al, 2009). Soybean is one of the main staple crops for human consumption; it serves as an important source of animal feed. It is a cheap source of proteins, and soybean products are consumed around the world. Crop yield losses to tropospheric O3 have been quantified using model projection and experiments. The National Crop Loss Assessment Network and European Open Top Chamber programmes have established the air quality guideline, which derived dose–
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