Calgary and the 'creative class': The interface between public policy and gentrification

Abstract

In The Rise of the Creative Class (2002) Richard Florida argues that for cities to compete for economic growth in the 21st century, they must appeal to the interests of the creative class. The creative class is said to be drawn to places that have the 4Ts: tolerance, technology, talent, and territorial assets. In Calgary, Alberta, where the volatility of the oil and gas sectors has caused ongoing economic uncertainty, officials have urged a need for economic diversification. This research illustrates that amid ongoing economic challenges in Calgary, the principles espoused through Florida's creative class model have been adopted and integrated into public policy. However, while the City has focused on providing a rich urban experience with quality amenities to appeal to the creative class, the success in attracting and retaining talent thus far has been limited. Instead, efforts have negative consequences, as this approach reflects a practice referred to as state-led gentrification which has fueled new-build gentrification in Calgary's inner-city.