Abstract
Background: Human skin is normally exposed to ionizing and UV radiations and on occasions it may also be subjected to beauty products or drugs that the host uses; all of which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Objective: In this study, Calendula officinalis extract, which contains antioxidant compounds, was examined for its protective effects against the products that generate ROS- induced cytotoxic activity towards human skin cells. Methodology: The protection against cytotoxicity by Calendula officinalis extract was investigated in vitro using a dose-response on HaCaT human skin cells. The proprietary aqueous calendula extract C from biodynamically grown plant was examined. Protection against cytotoxicity was measured via the methyl tetrazolium cytotoxicity (MTT) assay. Cells were exposed to the calendula extracts for 48h before being exposed to personal care products consisting of two head lice treatments -Lice Breaker (Permethrin 1% w/w) and Organix Pyrethrum treatment (4 g/L Pyrethrins, 16 g/LPiperonyl Butoxide) and two beauty products -Nivea Visage Q10 plus Anti-Wrinkle face moisturizer + TiO2; and Nivea Visage Q10 Plus Anti-Wrinkle face moisturizer (without TiO2) for 1h. Results: The effect of different concentrations of calendula extract on HaCaT human skin cells in vitro was explored. Doses of 1% (v/v) [1.4 mg dry weight equiv/ml] or less showed no toxicity. Cells were also exposed to the calendula extract for 48 hours before being exposed to the four personal care products for 1h. using the MTT cytotoxicity assay; it was observed that extract of Calendula officinalis gave time-dependent and concentrationdependent protection against harmful products that induce cell killing. Pre-incubation with the calendula extract for 48 hours significantly increased survival relative to the population without the extract by 30% and 47.4%, respectively, following treatment with personal care products. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that calendula extract contains bioactive and free radical scavenging compounds that significantly protect against personal care products that generate oxidative stress cytotoxicity in a human skin cell culture model.
Highlights
Human skin exposed to ionizing and UV radiations or drugs and/or personal care products such as head lice treatments or beauty products that could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vast quantities, could oxidize degrading pathways [1]
This study demonstrates that calendula extract contains bioactive and free radical scavenging compounds that significantly protect against personal care products that generate oxidative stress cytotoxicity in a human skin cell culture model
Calendula flower has been shown to protect against cells being killed and chromosomal damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in HaCaT human skin cells [4,5]
Summary
Human skin exposed to ionizing and UV radiations or drugs and/or personal care products such as head lice treatments or beauty products that could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vast quantities, could oxidize degrading pathways [1]. In human skin there are many agents that can produce oxidative stress including industrial sources, UV radiation, food contaminants, additives, drugs or cosmetic products [1,3]. The hypothesis is that personal care products such as chemical head lice treatments and beauty products induce toxicity effects by producing oxidative stress in human skin cells. Human skin is normally exposed to ionizing and UV radiations and on occasions it may be subjected to beauty products or drugs that the host uses; all of which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS)
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