Abstract
Most Northerly Position of the Doldrums The circulation of the air over the tropical and sub-tropical parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans comprises the north-east and south-east trade winds, and a region near the equator of calms and light variable winds, termed the ‘doldrums'. The simplified explanation usually given for this circulation is that the heating effect of the sun being greatest near the equator, the warmed air rises there and is replaced by cooler air flowing in from each side; the latter, deviated towards the west by the earth's rotation, forms the trade winds. In the northern summer the greatest heating occurs to the north of the equator and the whole circulation tends to move northward, but the air takes its temperature mainly from the sea, and owing to the sluggishness with which great volumes of water respond to seasonal changes of temperature, the movement of the circulation lags behind that of the sun, and the doldrums do not reach their most northerly position until early in September. For the same reason, the most southerly position is not reached until March.
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