Calculation of two-proton radioactivity and application to Be9, Li6,7, He3,6, and H2,3 emissions

Abstract

The $2p$ radioactivity half-lives have been calculated within a tunneling process through the potential barrier determined from the original version of the generalized liquid drop model and quasimolecular shapes. The sparse experimental data on the $2p$ radioactivity half-lives of the $^{12}\mathrm{O}$, $^{16}\mathrm{Ne}$, $^{19}\mathrm{Mg}$, $^{45}\mathrm{Fe}$, $^{48}\mathrm{Ni}$, $^{54}\mathrm{Zn}$, and $^{67}\mathrm{Kr}$ nuclei are roughly reproduced when taking into account the ${Q}_{2p}^{exp}$ value. An analytic formula is provided to obtain rapidly these different half-lives. Using the ${Q}_{2p}$ values extracted from the recent Nubase2020 table, extrapolations to other perhaps possible $2p$ emitters are proposed. Within the same approach, formulas to determine the $^{9}\mathrm{Be}$, $^{6,7}\mathrm{Li}$, $^{3,6}\mathrm{He}$, and $^{2,3}\mathrm{H}$ decay half-lives at low excitation energy are also provided.