Abstract

It is important to estimate friction loss with high accuracy in order to predict the performance of fluid machine such as water turbine. However, the influences from secondary flow and the upstream flow in boundary layer are not considered in previous methods. Here, a finite difference method for 3 D boundary layer equations is applied to the case of Francis turbine runner. The velocity distribution along main flow direction is assumed as 1/n power law model, and Mager model is used for the secondary flow.

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