Calculation of the water flow rate of Micro HPP depending on the water fall angle in ideal cases

Abstract

The paper describes the technology for generating electrical energy in small hydroelectric power plants, in the absence of a natural descent of water flows. It is known that the main parameter for obtaining electrical energy is the water flow, which includes the speed of the water. Along with this, the paper theoretically considers the calculation of the resulting velocities of water flows in small hydropower structures. The calculations took into account the ideal, natural and real model of the process of increasing the efficiency in the hydraulic system when using artificial reservoirs with a dam. At the same time, the pattern of modeling various vectors from the initial flow, a term with the potential energy of the accumulated total mass in the cavity of the hydropower structure itself, was considered. This ensured growth and increase in modulus and in other parameters of the vector and force characteristics of the flow, leading to an increase in the overall efficiency of the complete structure. And this already led to an increase in the generation of electrical energy in the installation itself, which has a direct dependence on the momentum and on the flow rate. In conclusion, an output expression is given for calculating the resulting velocity in the system. It is concluded that the construction of the proposed hydropower structures increases the efficiency of hydroelectric power generation.