Abstract
An analytical method for calculating nonlinear envelopes in beam expanders is presented. It is illustrated by implementation in a matrix transport code and accompanied with various considerations on expander line design and transverse beam tail confinement effects.
Highlights
Beam expanders are transport lines that provide transverse expansion of particle beam by means of first order optical elements associated with transverse density uniformization by nonlinear lenses
In Fig. 1; two nonlinear lenses, OH and OV, are devoted to the independent uniformization of horizontal and vertical transverse beam densities at a target situated at the right end of the line 13.6 m downstream of a final small bend (BEND) that accessorily allows radiation shielding
First order beam optics normally deals with envelopes in terms of the transport of the optical functions as, bs, g ͑1 1 a2͒͞b, Ds while rms beapm size in dispersion free regions is given by ss bsep with ep beam emittance
Summary
Beam expanders are transport lines that provide transverse expansion of particle beam by means of first order optical elements associated with transverse density uniformization by nonlinear lenses. They are supposed to be placed at the high energy end of LINAC installations devoted to such applications as nuclear waist transmutation, spallation neutron sources, medical irradiation, etc. In Fig. 1; two nonlinear lenses, OH and OV, are devoted to the independent uniformization (see Appendix A for details) of horizontal and vertical transverse beam densities at a target (not shown in the figure) situated at the right end of the line 13.6 m downstream of a final small bend (BEND) that accessorily allows radiation shielding. Where coordinates y and y0 dyds stand for either x, x0 (horizontal motion) or z, z0 (vertical motion), the index
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